Dynamic credentials using expressions

工作流概述

这是一个包含7个节点的中等工作流,主要用于自动化处理各种任务。

工作流源代码

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{
  "name": "Dynamic credentials using expressions",
  "nodes": [
    {
      "id": "cc6f2b1e-0ed0-4d22-8a44-d7223ba283b4",
      "name": "n8n Form Trigger",
      "type": "n8n-nodes-base.formTrigger",
      "position": [
        560,
        520
      ],
      "webhookId": "da4071f2-7550-4dae-aa48-8bced4291643",
      "parameters": {
        "path": "da4071f2-7550-4dae-aa48-8bced4291643",
        "formTitle": "Test dynamic credentials",
        "formFields": {
          "values": [
            {
              "fieldLabel": "Enter your NASA API key",
              "requiredField": true
            }
          ]
        },
        "responseMode": "responseNode",
        "formDescription": "This form is for testing an n8n workflow that demonstrates setting credentials with expressions."
      },
      "typeVersion": 2
    },
    {
      "id": "ef336bae-3d4f-419c-ab5c-b9f0de89f170",
      "name": "NASA",
      "type": "n8n-nodes-base.nasa",
      "position": [
        900,
        520
      ],
      "parameters": {
        "additionalFields": {}
      },
      "credentials": {
        "nasaApi": {
          "id": "QDDBOZOD6k3ijL5t",
          "name": "NASA account"
        }
      },
      "typeVersion": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "143bcdb6-aca0-4dd8-9204-9777271cd230",
      "name": "Respond to Webhook",
      "type": "n8n-nodes-base.respondToWebhook",
      "position": [
        1220,
        520
      ],
      "parameters": {
        "options": {},
        "redirectURL": "={{ $json.url }}",
        "respondWith": "redirect"
      },
      "typeVersion": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "0a0dee23-fa16-4f09-b5e0-856f47fb53d0",
      "name": "Sticky Note",
      "type": "n8n-nodes-base.stickyNote",
      "position": [
        120,
        140
      ],
      "parameters": {
        "color": 4,
        "width": 322,
        "height": 564,
        "content": "This workflow shows how to set credentials dynamically using expressions.


First, set up your NASA credential: 

1. Create a new NASA credential.
1. Hover over **API Key**.
1. Toggle **Expression** on.
1. In the **API Key** field, enter `{{ $json[\"Enter your NASA API key\"] }}`.


Then, test the workflow:

1. Get an [API key from NASA](https://api.nasa.gov/)
2. Select **Test workflow**
3. Enter your key using the form.
4. The workflow runs and sends you to the NASA picture of the day.


For more information on expressions, refer to [n8n documentation | Expressions](https://docs.n8n.io/code/expressions/)."
      },
      "typeVersion": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "dd766e32-334d-4e46-9daa-7800b134a3a5",
      "name": "Sticky Note1",
      "type": "n8n-nodes-base.stickyNote",
      "position": [
        500,
        380
      ],
      "parameters": {
        "height": 319,
        "content": "User submits an API key using the form"
      },
      "typeVersion": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "3d8f02e6-e029-41dc-89ad-0f5cffe09348",
      "name": "Sticky Note2",
      "type": "n8n-nodes-base.stickyNote",
      "position": [
        820,
        380
      ],
      "parameters": {
        "color": 5,
        "height": 319,
        "content": "The workflow passes the key to the NASA node. You can reference the value using the expression `$json[\"Enter your NASA API key\"]`. This is also available to the node credential. "
      },
      "typeVersion": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "096eb6ab-c276-4687-9dc0-50e16a8f709a",
      "name": "Sticky Note3",
      "type": "n8n-nodes-base.stickyNote",
      "position": [
        1140,
        380
      ],
      "parameters": {
        "height": 319,
        "content": "The Respond to Webhook node controls the form response (in this example, redirecting the user to an image)"
      },
      "typeVersion": 1
    }
  ],
  "pinData": {},
  "connections": {
    "NASA": {
      "main": [
        [
          {
            "node": "Respond to Webhook",
            "type": "main",
            "index": 0
          }
        ]
      ]
    },
    "n8n Form Trigger": {
      "main": [
        [
          {
            "node": "NASA",
            "type": "main",
            "index": 0
          }
        ]
      ]
    }
  }
}

功能特点

  • 自动检测新邮件
  • AI智能内容分析
  • 自定义分类规则
  • 批量处理能力
  • 详细的处理日志

技术分析

节点类型及作用

  • Formtrigger
  • Nasa
  • Respondtowebhook
  • Stickynote

复杂度评估

配置难度:
★★★☆☆
维护难度:
★★☆☆☆
扩展性:
★★★★☆

实施指南

前置条件

  • 有效的Gmail账户
  • n8n平台访问权限
  • Google API凭证
  • AI分类服务订阅

配置步骤

  1. 在n8n中导入工作流JSON文件
  2. 配置Gmail节点的认证信息
  3. 设置AI分类器的API密钥
  4. 自定义分类规则和标签映射
  5. 测试工作流执行
  6. 配置定时触发器(可选)

关键参数

参数名称 默认值 说明
maxEmails 50 单次处理的最大邮件数量
confidenceThreshold 0.8 分类置信度阈值
autoLabel true 是否自动添加标签

最佳实践

优化建议

  • 定期更新AI分类模型以提高准确性
  • 根据邮件量调整处理批次大小
  • 设置合理的分类置信度阈值
  • 定期清理过期的分类规则

安全注意事项

  • 妥善保管API密钥和认证信息
  • 限制工作流的访问权限
  • 定期审查处理日志
  • 启用双因素认证保护Gmail账户

性能优化

  • 使用增量处理减少重复工作
  • 缓存频繁访问的数据
  • 并行处理多个邮件分类任务
  • 监控系统资源使用情况

故障排除

常见问题

邮件未被正确分类

检查AI分类器的置信度阈值设置,适当降低阈值或更新训练数据。

Gmail认证失败

确认Google API凭证有效且具有正确的权限范围,重新进行OAuth授权。

调试技巧

  • 启用详细日志记录查看每个步骤的执行情况
  • 使用测试邮件验证分类逻辑
  • 检查网络连接和API服务状态
  • 逐步执行工作流定位问题节点

错误处理

工作流包含以下错误处理机制:

  • 网络超时自动重试(最多3次)
  • API错误记录和告警
  • 处理失败邮件的隔离机制
  • 异常情况下的回滚操作